“Two Nations, Revisited: The Lynching of Black and Brown Bodies, Police Brutality, and Racial Control in ‘Post-Racial’ Amerikkka” by David G. Embrick
Freddie Gray, a 25 years old man, was pronounced dead on 19 April year 2015. His death was as a result of serious injuries that he sustained oh his vertebrae, spine, and the larynx.
In spite of the information that the spesialists from Baltimore were swift from the onset to acknowledge that the police department did not follow the system procedures required for the best clinical attention that Mr. Gray needed desperately but he got denied. Apart from being mishandled, the police were careless in also ensuring the safety of Gray. That is, the police officers did not fasten Mr. Grey properly in the van as he was being shipped to the police headquarters), and the police people remained silence and deny any information that would show they violated Freddie Gray during his capture. In the long last, Freddie Gray’s demise was viewed as a murder offence. The police were taken to court and an excellent jury prosecuted the six officers with different checks of automatic homicide, and second-degree assault as well as heart murder. A lot of social equity and race researchers and activists have seen some hope with the step of charging the police officers. However, some of these activists have noted that the actions taken by the jury was good but this only marked the beginning of what should be done in order to satisfactorily address unlawful activities by the forces, and the established racism that is felt in the prisons and the United States criminal system of justice as well.
The outright obvious with the ongoing homicides submitted by cops (or vigilantes) over the nation no regard for brown or black bodies and racialized deeds of public control. The murder of black and brown and the rate of recurrence in which they occur are not incidental circumstances. It is interesting how livening in the United States as a minority or as a black may seem so different, it is like living in a new world. The article explains the in the best way possible how social prooblems affect the privillaged people in a racist society. As the black pople struggle for justice or for a transformation in democracy, they experience so many deaths. the blacks are attacked as though they are terrorists despite holding peaceful demonstrations.
Each and every year, the blacks face new challenges as they cannot express how they feel or even fight for positions high in the government. As a result, the white people find it easy to oppress the blacks and they comfortably control how they live or what they do comfortably. The minorities are oppressed in ways such as intimidation using the Jin Crow laws, slavery, or using the government agencies. Before the US government elected a black president, the black’s only hope was to have a black in any government position. This was wrong since when President Barack Obama was appointed, the conditions of living in America as a minority worsened. The minorities fighting for equal rights with the whites should identify other ways as they will always be viewed as the nobodies. In orders to have a forward progression, the tactics should be well laid out and the no changing truth that the equality struggle has not only been about race but also gender and that of class. In conclusion, racisin and fights for equality has been a major social challenge over the years. People feeling as minorities should be vigilant is their fight for equality for the sake of other generations. It is already clear thet police brutality toward both the blacks and the browns is not somethind new as we would want to assume but it can be stopped if well addressed.
“Cross-national Differences in Educational Achievement Inequality” by Guillermo Montt
Educational systems are called not exclusively to teach and mingle understudies yet in addition to separate among them. Albeit much exploration has researched imbalances in instructive results related with understudies’ family foundation and other ascriptive qualities, little examination has inspected cross-national contrasts in the aggregate sum of separation that educational systems produce, the all out accomplishment disparity. This article assesses whether two elements of instructive frameworks—varieties in chances to learn and power of tutoring—are related with accomplishment imbalance free of family foundation. It draws information from the Program for International Student Assessment for in excess of 50 educational systems and models the fluctuation in accomplishment. Discoveries propose that diminishing the changeability in chances to learn—as more prominent homogeneity in instructor quality and the nonappearance of following—inside the educational system may lessen accomplishment disparity. Progressively extraordinary tutoring is additionally identified with lower accomplishment disparity to the degree that this power is homogeneously conveyed inside the educational system, especially as an all the more exceptionally qualified educator workforce.
relative instructive examination shows that the route by which understudies are arranged and gathered by their scholarly presentation (gushing) is significant for the improvement of instructive disparities. The specific instruments included are past the extent of this article, however contemplates show that this kind of arranging expands disparities by social foundation . The level of this separation, and the technique through which the arranging is actualized, changes across nations, and most exploration shows that unequivocal, early and formal arranging of students into various classes or schools is among the most grounded determinants of crosscountry contrasts in the quality of the relationship between social foundation and instructive accomplishment. In particular, a lower time of choice into various school types decreases instructive equity and upgrades the significance of social foundation for instructive achievement As the lower instructive tracks are ordinarily impasse tracks that officially limit an understudy’s chances to progress to higher instructive levels, early following can have long haul ramifications for instructive chances.
Alluding back to the conversation with respect to how training influences prosperity, we can expect that following impacts the relationship between social foundation and prosperity by making the advantages of accomplished instruction (counting access to work showcase assets, just as access to different sorts of assets, for example, adapting aptitudes) progressively reliant on social foundation. Following will, in addition, likewise impact prosperity by influencing abilities (for example the third system examined before). Since lower, impasse tracks oblige a person’s decision set and openings (for example, don’t give access to advanced education), and since youth from low social foundations are excessively diverted into lower tracks, following lopsidedly decreases their capacities.
References
Blossfeld, Hans-Peter, Sandra Buchholz, Jan Skopek, and Moris Triventi, eds. 2016. Models of Secondary Education and Social Inequality: An International Comparison. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Bryan Mark L., and Stephen P. Jenkins. 2015. “Multilevel Modelling of Country Effects: A Cautionary Tale.” European Sociological Review 32 (1): 1–20