History of the internet

History of the internet

The internet refers to a network of computers and mini-networks linked together for easier access to information, socialization, and business transactions (Ryan, J. (2010). It has made a lot of impacts since it was invented. It has had a profound effect on every aspect of our lives. To understand how the internet started, we have to go to the 1950s when the first electronic computers were developed. The idea of wide-area networking was first advanced in science laboratories in England, the United States, and France (Kleinrock, L. (2008). The real push to develop a wide area network came from the department of defense in the USA in the 1960s while working on the Advanced research projects agency network (ARPANET). The first message was sent by ARPANET from computer science professor Leonard Klein rock’s laboratory at the University of California in 1969to Stanford research institute node (Kleinrock, L. (2010).

Other support networks were also developed during the same period, including NPL, Tymnet, Merit Network, Telenet, and the Cyclades. The systems employed different communication protocols. Besides Donald Davies, a computer scientist from Welsh presented a packet switching in 1967 at the national physics laboratory. The ARPANET project gave rise to internetworking, which connects computer networks through gateways that use routing information packets. The creation of the internet protocol suite was developed by ARPANET staff alongside the French project CYCLADES I the 1970s (Ryan, J. (2010).

Despite internet protocols being invented in the 1970s, it t was only until 1986 that interconnectivity was achieved (Kleinrock, L. (2008). The NSFNET (National science foundation network) project provided the first interconnectivity between supercomputers across the USA (Ryan, J. (2010). The internet at this time was used for research and organizational purposes. The internet started global commercialization in the late 19890s when internet service providers began functioning. The biggest game-changer happened when the world vast web network was invented by a British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee IN THE 1980S (Kleinrock, L. (2010).

References

Ryan, J. (2010). A History of the Internet and the Digital Future. Reaktion Books.

Kleinrock, L. (2010). Early history of the internet [History of Communications]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 48(8), 26-36.

Kleinrock, L. (2008). History of the Internet and its flexible future. IEEE Wireless Communications, 15(1), 8-18.