ACCT Question Answer
Question 1
The role of the jury is clearly provided for in the US constitution. Every defendant who has the potential to serve a sentence of more than six months is entitled to a hearing by the jury. Following the judge’s direction, the jury hears the evidence presented to incriminate the defendant, consider the defenses presented and weighs then to determine whether they can potentially incriminate the defendant without any reasonable doubt. In simple terms, the jury determines whether the accused person/defendant is guilty or not for the crime in which they are charged.
Question 2
Judges play different roles. A judge oversees proceedings within the courtroom. In a criminal case where the jury is present, the judge instructs the jury on how to examine the evidence presented to the court. The judges also issue a warrant of arrests or even searches. They also set the terms of the bail for the defendants. They can also punish any misbehavior within the courtroom. Overall, every judge ensures that the court’s conduct is done per the established laws.
Question 3
The two court systems in the US are the federal court system and the state court system. The federal court system deals with those criminals charged with committing federal crimes while the state court systems deal with those who have committed state crimes.
Question 4
Within the state court systems, there are the trial courts and the appellate courts. There are the District Courts, Circuit Courts, and the Supreme Court of the United States for the federal court system.
Question 5
The two types of laws considered by the two types of courts in the US court system are civil law and criminal law. In criminal laws, the government imposes rules ad punishments for those whose acts can be injurious to others. On the other hand, civil laws deal with cases that involve private parties and in which one has alleged that one party has caused an injury to the other.
Question 6
Trial courts within the state court system try those who have allegedly committed state crimes. Appellate courts provide an avenue where those who are not satisfied with the ruling at the trial courts can seek a retrial. District courts within the federal court system try those who have allegedly committed federal crimes. The Circuit Courts provide an opportunity for the losers at the District Courts to challenge the District courts’ ruling or determination. The Supreme Court of the US has the original and exclusive mandate to hear and determine disputes emanating from presidential elections. It is the highest court on the land and is, therefore, acts as the final court of appeal with the responsibility to hear and determine a case of any nature.
Question 7
The highest court in the US is the Supreme Court of the US. It has the original and exclusive mandate to hear disputes arising from presidential elections. It is also the final court of appeal.
Question 8
A court case is regarded to be final after all the issues under consideration have been decided, and this must be by the Supreme Court of the US.
Question 9
Jurisdiction is a legal term used to describe the authority given to a court of law to hear and determine specific cases.
Question 10
As described in jurisprudence, the subject matter jurisdiction is the authority or power conferred on the court to hear and determine the general class cases from which the proceedings at hand fall.
Question 11
Personal jurisdiction is more specific, and it describes the court’s authority to hear, determine, and render judgment against a specific accused person, or otherwise called the defendant.