METHODOLOGY Y
The study employed a qualitative research design, which is best suited to explain and give an in-depth understanding of the complex and interdependent phenomenon. In addition, the qualitative design emphasizes the sequences, different perspectives, and nuances by using interviews, discussions, observations, and document analysis. Moreover, it collects data by creating an interpretive storyline and allowing the emergency of substantive theory. This study will develop the grounded theory on the effective leadership qualities exhibited by the leaders from the business organizations. This method is proposed by Giorgi (2009) to evaluate the live experiences of the followers and the leaders.I will not prejudice the investigation by presuming any organizing themeswhen I conduct the open-ended interviews (Giorgi, 2009).
The preliminary study will be based on the grounded theory approach, whereby the general nature of qualitative research is based on the substantive theory according to the systematic collection and analysis of data. This method involves the collection of data through open-ended interviews conducted in their natural setting. It also involves observations of the participants in their field of work. After that, data will be analyzed by comparing the incidences for the general themes and categorizing them to the emerging theory.
This method is preferred since it will generate a comprehensive description of the leader’s characters or behavior from the participants’ perspective. The resulting will explain how the respondents characterize their leader in the context in which it is explored. This method will shed light on the phenomenon, which can be explored beyond this study’s context.
Research question
The following was the central question that guided the study.
- What is the role of emotional intelligence in mismatched leader-follower relationships?
Research objective
- To evaluate the role of emotional intelligence in mismatched leader-follower
- Effects of effective leadership on the performance of the organization
Research design
The qualitative search’s general methodology is designed to build substantive theory, which is based on the collection and analysis of data. The study will be based on the assumptions that social research was inadequate and ill-suited for the responded in the study without taking any actions, interactions, and people’s social processes. The grounded theory will give the emergency of different theories by categorizing information based on data collected from the respondents in their natural settings. The design will involve the collection of data through open-ended interviews. The results will be analyzed based on comparing occurrences for the common themes and grouping them towards the emerging theory.
Sampling method
Purposive sampling will be used to sample the participants. They will consist of leaders and followers from the gas and oil industries in Nigeria. There will be 20 participants who will be selected from different departments. Among them will be 10 leaders and 10 followers. The leaders will be those with unique qualities and have delivered a good performance.
Data collection
The participants for this study will be obtained through purposeful selection. They will be selected from the gas and oil industry in Nigeria, willing to participate. Based on the criteria of the sample size, there will be two sizes from two departments. Since the departments are very small, and there will be 20 participants, whereby 10 will be leaders, while 10 will be followers. According to Giorgi (2020), the samples of phenomenological studies are always small. The interviews will focus on the context and conditions of the phenomenon. The responses will be recorded, transcribed, and evaluated for thematic content using Vivo software. I will observe researchers’ ethical compliance rules by submitting to the Institutional Review Board (IRB) (Giorgi, 2020).
Interview
A one on one interview will be conducted among the participants to provide an opportunity for introspection and reflection. This will be achieved by making the questions available in advance before the audio recording is done at the respondents’ sites. This will take place at either office or home, depending on the time and personal preferences. After data collection, the data will be coded in various emerging themes. The researcher will then go back to the evolving theory and fill the gaps to explain what happens based on the data collected.
Interview protocol
The interview protocol will be developed for this study’s objective, and this will include the name and position of the interviewee, time, place, and date of the interview. There will be a brief description of the project to the participants, the study’s aim, and a set of open-ended questions that will be explained to the participants. The questions will be supported by other prompting questions to highlight the participant’s response after the first in-depth interview session. This will be followed by the inductive nature of the grounded theory study and the participants’ response as active listeners to improve the quality of the discussion and interpretation of the developed concepts.
The initial set of the interview will be a purposive sample of respondents who will be followed by using the theoretical sampling method. This will include the detailed, semi- open-ended questions. The theoretical samples’ adoption for more interviews will be necessary if the initial session of the interviews would need to develop a conceptual theory from the emerging themes. The approach is appropriate because it has the opportunity to discover the differences among the participants’ interpretation of the concepts.
The study will mainly focus on the qualitative data collected from the interviews with the researcher’s observations and focused group discussions with the subordinate staff and leaders. Secondary data will be collected by reviewing the relevant documents, such as the leaders’ records, research journals, and reflections.
Observations
There will be an observation session for the participants in their natural setting. This will involve noting the phenomenon in the field through the five senses. This will be recorded for scientific purposes. The observations will be done to reflect on the research questions and provide a rich source for interpretation of the respondents’ contributions to addresses the issues like potential deception of participants being interviewed. It also reduces the impressions of the researcher’s management and marginalization in a strange research setting.in the recording of the observations in the work environment, the nuances, temperament such as verbal and nonverbal cues will be recorded. The protocol for recording important information on the natural setting, interactions, and reactions of the participants and the initial interpretation will be done
Data analysis
The transcribed semi-structured, in-depth interviews and secondary data will be analyzed for the contexts and the concepts to identify the patterns. The development of the leaders’ conceptual framework associated with outstanding performance in the weak environment will be done. Transcribed data from the semi-structured, in-depth interviews, and documentary records, will be analyzed to identify the patterns—the development of the conceptual framework associated with the performance. The process will begin immediately after the interview, involve coding and abstraction of data, and discuss the emerging themes.
Validity
Validity is an attempt to assess the accuracy of the results, as stated by the researcher and the participants. The validity of the results will be achieved through extensive time with the field; there will be a detailed description and closeness to the researcher. To strengthen the validity further, the evidence gathered from the research will be evaluated through the five-stage approach.