Cosmic Design
There are many explanations regarding the creation and existence of the universe and all the features it holds. Various scientists have proved that nature exists in the form of carefully arrived calculations. Paul Davies in his book Cosmic Jackpot, talks about the Cosmic Code, and the efforts individuals have made throughout research to find the answers to the shadow details and to manifest the deeper hidden reality of the universe. The paper seeks to establish arguable discoveries of a designer or design behind the existence of the universe and all particulars in it.
William Paley in his book Natural Theology: or evidences to the existence and attributes of the Deity, talks about the existence of nature’s features that exhibit the evidence of some form of design in the universe. In his discovery writings, he compares the universe to human made machines, equipment and devices. He elaborates that nature’s living and non-living things work like a machine that was made by a designer. Paley relates God to a watchmaker, who assembles different watch pieces for the watch to be in motion (Gibson, 2013). In Cosmic Jackpot, Paul Davies ascertains that for life to emerge and evolve over a period of years, there have to be some definite conditions to be satisfied. He continues that for the conditions of life to be provided, there has to be a fixer, or the universe is a “put-up job” (Davies, 2007, 1).
In a contemporary scientific discovery, scientists establish that life in the universe would not have been possible if some fine properties of the universe would have been had minute variations. According to them, the universe appears “fine-tuned”. For instance, it would not be possible if the explosion of the big bang had differed by one part in 1060, in this case, the universe could have collapsed or dispersed too rapidly for matter to form and stars be placed exactly where they are today (Hugh, 1996). According to Paul Davies, life would be impossible if the elements were different. “If almost any of the basic features of the universe, from the properties of atoms to the distribution of galaxies, were different, life would probably be impossible!” (Davies 2007, 2)
Mark Halfon in the concept of The Intelligent Design Theory disputes Darwin’s sentiment remarks and offers a teleological argument that objects the evolution theory. The theory disputes the process of natural selection, what Darwin established that it brought about evolution in organism and their complexity (Clause, 2014). The Intelligent Design Theory holds that complexity relies on the efforts of an intelligent designer who could be in form of a supreme being. Moreover, Davies points out that modern scientists are not religious, “They thought that by exposing the patterns woven into the processes of nature they truly were glimpsing the mind of God.” (Davies, 2007)But most of them accept that there were intelligent scripts behind the complexity of nature and living organisms.
The argument from improbability, through scientific analysis establishes the existence of intelligent minds behind the universe’s existence and design (Clausen, 2014). At times, things happen unexpectedly which brings out the idea of suspecting there is some force involved more than chance (Gibson, 2013). According to scientists, if the probability of an event is too low, it is ideal to conclude that it did not happen by chance, but the event was guided by an intelligent mind. Some very basic features and their count remain completely unexplained and are mysterious. According to David, the scientists question what could have happened if the big bang was big rather than bigger or smaller, “…the biggest puzzle of all concerned the extraordinary uniformity of the universe…” (Davies 2007, 53).
There are counter arguments to the discoveries that link the design of the universe to an intelligent being, often based on vulnerable and minor linkages to nature. However, the discoveries are quantifiable to prove the existence of intelligent design behind nature and the universe.
Works Cited
Benjamin L. Clausen .(2014). Design in the Physical UniverseRetrieved 15 June 2020, from https://www.grisda.org/design-in-the-physical-universe-1
Ross, Hugh. Beyond the cosmos: the extra-dimensionality of God: what recent discoveries in astronomy and physics reveal about the nature of God. NavPress, 1996.
L. James Gibson. (2013). Is There Design in Nature? Retrieved 15 June 2020, from https://www.grisda.org/is-there-design-in-nature-1
William Paley, Natural Theology: Or Evidences of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity Collected from the Appearances of Nature (Boston: Gould and Lincoln, 1867)