Annotated Bibliography; Police Brutality
Delgado, M. (2019). Urban Youth Trauma: Using Community Intervention to Overcome Gun Violence. Rowman & Littlefield.
The author is Delgado.
The article provides an insight into the racial minority population which is being brutalized. The author summarises information and indicates that out of the general population in the United States, 37.4% are among racial minority groups, and 46.6% of unarmed and armed victims while unarmed individuals killed by the police were 62.7%. The article is a good source for researchers in getting an understanding of how minority groups are being segregated and brutalized.
Ekins, E. E. (2016). Policing in America: Understanding public attitudes toward the police. Results from a national survey. Results from a National Survey (December 7, 2016).
The author is Ekins.
The author explains how the minority groups comprising African American and Hispanics have no confidence in the policing enforcement officers in the United States of America. The article provides relevant information to researchers on the interaction between the police forces and the minority groups.
Fryer Jr, R. G. (2019). An empirical analysis of racial differences in police use of force. Journal of Political Economy, 127(3), 1210-1261.
The author is Fryer Jr.
The author explains how the police shooting is not related to crimes among the minority groups. The article shows that the law enforcers shooting cases are not due to local violence and crimes. Some of the police brutality is due to socioeconomic factors such as unemployment, and poverty, and segregation that fuel violence and crimes among the African American groups. Because of these, the police mostly patrol around their backyards resulting in more traffic stops, policing actions to arrest, and even shooting in these regions. The article is important to researchers because it provides information about other factors that contribute to police shootings.
Greene, L. S., Inniss, L. B., Crawford, B. J., Baradaran, M., Ben-Asher, N., Capers, I. B., … & Lindsay, K. (2019). Talking About Black Lives Matter and# MeToo. Wis. JL, Gender, & Soc’y, 34, 109.
The authors are Greene et al.,
The authors explain how police brutality is due to the systematic targeting of minority groups because of disparities. The article provides relevant information to researchers and the public in getting facts on how the African American citizens are much more likely to be shot by the law enforcers than the white citizens with European descent, because of minority racial discrimination.
LeCount, R. J. (2017, December). More black than blue? Comparing the racial attitudes of police to citizens. In Sociological Forum (Vol. 32, pp. 1051-1072).
The author is LeCount.
The author describes how law enforcement agencies in some cases, aggravates prejudice when a community is hostile towards a particular minority group, the police often say that the discriminatory conduct towards the group is justified. The article is a helpful source for researchers who want to get an overview of the intensities of brutality by police against the minority community.
Matras, Y., & Leggio, D. V. (Eds.). (2017). Open Borders, Unlocked Cultures: Romanian Roma Migrants in Western Europe. Routledge.
The authors are Matras & Leggio.
The authors in the article explained the kind of minority groups that are brutalized and segregated by law enforcement officers. Minority groups brutalized mostly by these law enforcers comprise of perennial nomads, smaller tribes in communities, and the indigenous people in former European colonies. The article is a source of relevant information for researchers who want to understand the common minority groups brutalized because they are marginalized.
References
Delgado, M. (2019). Urban Youth Trauma: Using Community Intervention to Overcome Gun Violence. Rowman & Littlefield.
Ekins, E. E. (2016). Policing in America: Understanding public attitudes toward the police. Results from a national survey. Results from a National Survey (December 7, 2016).
Fryer Jr, R. G. (2019). An empirical analysis of racial differences in police use of force. Journal of Political Economy, 127(3), 1210-1261.
Greene, L. S., Inniss, L. B., Crawford, B. J., Baradaran, M., Ben-Asher, N., Capers, I. B., … & Lindsay, K. (2019). Talking About Black Lives Matter and# MeToo. Wis. JL, Gender, & Soc’y, 34, 109.
LeCount, R. J. (2017, December). More black than blue? Comparing the racial attitudes of police to citizens. In Sociological Forum (Vol. 32, pp. 1051-1072).
Matras, Y., & Leggio, D. V. (Eds.). (2017). Open Borders, Unlocked Cultures: Romanian Roma Migrants in Western Europe. Routledge.